The invention discloses a dry type air reactor turn-to-turn insulation performance detection system and method. The system comprises a high-voltage switch cabinet, a variable-frequency test power supply, a test transformer, a reactive power compensation unit, a partial discharge monitoring unit and a tested product unit. 380V three-phase AC current is accessed to the high-voltage switch cabinet. The high-voltage switch cabinet, the variable-frequency test power supply, the test transformer, the reactive power compensation unit, the partial discharge monitoring unit and the tested product unit are connected in turn. The partial discharge monitoring unit comprises a coupling capacitor, measurement impedance and a partial discharge tester. The test product unit comprises a dry type air reactor and an AC voltage measurement unit. The dry type air reactor and the AC voltage measurement unit are connected in parallel. The test transformer excites a resonant loop. The reactive power compensation unit and the tested product unit in the loop are enabled to generate parallel resonance through output frequency of the variable-frequency test power supply. Onsite induced voltage withstanding testing can be performed on the 35kV dry type air reactor so that onsite voltage boosting operation of the reactor can be completed.