The invention provides an urban river ecological multi-level evaluation method based on an analytic hierarchy method and belongs to the field of water ecology. The method is a method for assessing a modern Urban River Eco-index quantitatively. A set of multi-level assessment system containing first-level indexes and second-level indexes is established, a base weight of the assessment indexes is determined through the analytic hierarchy method, the base weight is corrected through a Delphi method so that a final weight vector can be obtained, finally, the index scores and weights of the indexes are weighted to obtain scores, and urban river ecological quantitative evaluation analysis is carried out according to the acquired final scores for urban river ecological evaluation. Based on data tracking on urban ecological river construction, the complete urban ecological river assessment system is established, bases can be provided for difference analysis of the current situation and the objective of the urban river ecological construction, the construction direction of the next step is cleared, and an effective technical management tool is provided for effect evaluation of the urban river ecological construction.