The invention discloses a high temperature resistance cable based on alumina fibers and a preparation method thereof. The high temperature resistance cable includes a plurality of core of table units which are intertwisted. The outside of each core of table unit is sleeved with a silver plated aramid fiber filament sleeve. The silver plated aramid fiber filament sleeve is filled with alumina fibers. The outside of the silver plated aramid fiber filament sleeve is successively provided from inside to outside with a first insulating layer, a boundary layer and a second insulating layer. The first insulating layer is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylic acid ester copolymer layer. The boundary layer is filled with nanometer beryllias. The second insulating layer is an ethane-tetrafluoroethene copolymer layer. The preparation method can produce cables which exhibit excellent high temperature resistance.