The invention relates to the field of intelligent distributed feeder automation, in particular to a switch adjacency relationship-based disperse configuration method of a feeder topology. The method specifically comprises the steps as follows: dispersedly stored topology information employing a switch/switch group covered by each power distribution terminal as a basic unit is defined as topology piece information; the topology piece information is configured by a switch adjacency relationship represented by an adjacency IP mode; a line node, a bus node, a power supply node and a load node in a topological structure are automatically generated as implicit information through configuration information; and an intelligent distributed feeder automation system synthesizes required topology information of an overall or partial feeder by collecting the topology piece information which is dispersedly stored on each power distribution terminal through peer-to-peer communication. Building of the topological structure is achieved through information interaction between the power distribution terminals; the switch adjacency relationship-based disperse configuration method of the feeder topology has the advantages of high maintenance efficiency, a high collection speed and a small involved range; and a foundation is laid for automatic generation of a power supply recovery scheme of the intelligent distributed feeder automation system of a multi-contact power distribution network.