A cardiopulmonary coupling analysis method based on single lead ECG includes the steps of extracting an RR inter-phase sequence and an EDR signal from body surface single-lead ECG signals, eliminating the noise components of the EDR signal according to the relevance between the RR inter-phase sequence and the EDR signal by means of a self-adaptive filter with the RR inter-phase sequence as the reference input signal of the self-adaptive filter and the EDR signal as the ideal signal of the self-adaptive filter to obtain an enhanced type EDR signal, conducting experience pattern decomposing on the RR inter-phase sequence and the enhanced type EDR signal to obtain a plurality of intrinsic mode functions of the RR inter-phase sequence and a plurality of intrinsic mode functions of the enhanced type EDR signal, and selecting the intrinsic mode function, corresponding to a preset frequency band, of the RR inter-phase sequence and the intrinsic mode function, corresponding to the preset frequency band, of the enhanced type EDR signal for cardiopulmonary coupling analysis to obtain a coupling result.