The invention provides a fish, shrimp and vegetable symbiotic culture method. The fish, shrimp and vegetable symbiotic culture method comprises the specific steps: cleaning and sorting a culture fishpond; dividing the fishpond into two parts, wherein a detachable net is arranged between the two parts; fixing fixed planting plates in upper part spaces of the two parts of the fishpond respectively; and carrying out mixed culture and symbiosis on fishes, shrimps and vegetables. Aquaculture and water culture reach scientific coordinated symbiosis, so that the ecological symbiotic effects that water is not exchanged when the fishes and the shrimps are cultured, water-quality troubles are not caused, fertilizers are not applied when the vegetables are planted and the vegetables grow normally are realized. In a fish, shrimp and vegetable symbiotic system, ammonia nitrogen in the water is decomposed into nitrite and nitrate by microorganism bacteria so as to be absorbed and utilized by the vegetables as nutrients, so that the water quality is guaranteed and the growth of the fishes is facilitated; and on the other hand, the shrimps with diseases are eaten by the fishes, a phenomenon that a large area of other shrimps are dead is avoided and economic benefits of fishermen are guaranteed. The fish, shrimp and vegetable symbiosis enables animals, plants and microorganisms to reach a harmonious ecological balance system, and the fish, shrimp and vegetable symbiotic culture method is a sustainable recycled zero-emission low-carbon production mode.