The invention provides a tracheal casing pipe washing device and washing system and relates to the field of auxiliary medical devices. The tracheal casing pipe washing system comprises the tracheal casing pipe washing device and a sterilization device. In the tracheal casing pipe washing device, the two ends of a rotary shaft are supported on a washing tank through bearings. A helical blade is arranged on the rotary shaft. The edge of the helical blade makes contact with the inner wall of the washing tank in a seal mode. The washing tank is divided into a plurality of washing chambers through the helical blade. The rotary shaft is connected with a diving device. In the sterilization device, a steam chamber is connected with a gas distribution chamber through a steam pipeline. A plurality of nozzles toward a sterilization chamber on the lower portion are arranged in the gas distribution chamber. A support used for hanging a tracheal casing pipe is arranged in the sterilization chamber. An adjustable pressure valve is arranged in the sterilization chamber. With the adoption of the structure, the washing effect and washing efficiency of the tracheal casing pipe can be improved, and infection risk of patients and nurses is reduced. The tracheal casing pipe washing system can also be used for washing and sterilization of other medical devices.