The invention discloses a reflective slot wave frequency dispersion similarity-based tomographic imaging method. The method is realized through the following steps: 1, conducting the time-frequency decomposition; 2, figuring out a through slot wave frequency dispersion curve; 3, eliminating through slot waves; 4, imaging. The method makes full use of the frequency dispersion properties of slot waves, and reduces the influence of other noises on the imaging process based on the frequency dispersion property. Meanwhile, the arc phenomenon is reduced, and the tomographic imaging accuracy is greatly improved.