The invention discloses a preparation method of a flexible transparent conductive thin film of an electrospun silver nanofiber network. The method comprises the steps of: dissolving a certain amount of silver nitrate into an acetonitrile solution, simultaneously proportioning a certain amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) water solution, and mixing the silver nitrate and the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) water solution to form an electrospinning solution; carrying out electrostatic spinning on the solution under high voltage to form precursor nanofibers, controlling the nanofiber arrangement mode through a collector and controlling the nanofiber distribution density through electrospinning time; transferring the nanofibers to a silicon wafer for heating and burning and transforming the nanofibers into the silver nanofiber network; and finally stripping the silver nanofiber network through PVA and obtaining the flexible transparent conductive thin film. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages that the obtained flexible transparent conductive thin film of the electrospun silver nanofiber network has the advantages of being simple in technology, low in cost, high in efficiency and controllable in size; industrial preparation can be achieved; and the thin film has good transparency, conductivity and flexibility.