The invention discloses an anti-puncture aluminum plastic film for encapsulating a lithium battery. The aluminum plastic film comprises an outer film layer, an anti-puncture layer, an inner film layer, an aluminum foil layer and a heat-seal layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the outer film layer, the anti-puncture layer, the inner film layer, the aluminum foil layer and the heat-seal layer are bonded and compounded by glue; the outer film layer is a polyfluorinared ethylene propylene film, the inner film layer is a polyester film, the anti-puncture layer is formed by interweaving warps and wefts, the warps are aramid yarns, and the wefts are nylon yarns. Therefore, the anti-puncture aluminum plastic film is simple and reasonable in structure, and has better puncture resistance.