The invention relates to a solar panel cleaning reminding device and cleaning reminding method. The solar panel cleaning reminding device comprises multiple groups of data collection devices and a reminding management module, wherein the multiple groups of data collection devices are used for collecting the solar photoelectric conversion efficiency and environment parameters; the reminding management module is used for managing the data collection devices and giving a cleaning reminding plan; each data collection device comprises a generation power collection module, a sunlight intensity collection module, a data processing module, a power supply module and a communication module; the communication modules and the reminding management module at an internet side are subjected to real-time communication and interactive transmission; the reminding management module comprises an account authorization management module, a database management module and a reminding strategy management module; and the reminding strategy management module comprises a photoelectric conversion efficiency prediction module and a recommended cleaning plan management module. By the solar panel cleaning reminding device and cleaning reminding method, the problem of absence of a plan or a basis in cleaning of a distributed solar panel power station is solved; a reasonable cleaning strategy is developed by comprehensively considering the factors of the illumination intensity, an environment temperature, the historical conversion efficiency and the like; and the cleaning efficiency is improved.