The invention discloses a planting method of a high-calcium cucumber. The planting method comprises the steps of 1), soaking seeds in the middle ten days of March; 2), growing seedlings in nutrient soil; 3), selecting a land and performing soil working; 4), performing reasonable close planting; 5), performing fertilizer and water management; 6), building a frame and arranging vines; and 7), harvesting. According to the planting method of the invention, through utilizing the nutrient soil with high calcium content and applying a calcareous fertilizer at a later period, the content of the calcium as a trace element which is necessary for human body in the cucumber is increased, and the nutritional value of the cucumber is improved. Through testing, the calcium content of the cucumber is improved by 100-150 [mu]g/Kg.