The invention discloses an aqueous emulsion-based resin modified crack-pouring material composed of two groups, wherein the first-group material components comprise a substrate crack-pouring material, water, an emulsifier, a stabilizer B and a defoaming agent; the substrate crack-pouring material comprises aromatic hydrocarbon oil, rubber oil, a modifier, a tackifier, a toughening agent, a stabilizing agent and a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the aromatic hydrocarbon oil to the rubber oil to the modifier to the tackifier to the toughening agent to the stabilizing agent A to the curing agent is 100:(20-30):(2-8):(5-10):(1-5):(0.1-0.5):(10-20), and the mass ratio of the substrate crack-pouring material to the water to the emulsifier to the stabilizer B to the defoaming agent is 100:(60-80):(0.5-1.0):(0.5-1.0):(0.5-1.0). The second-group material components comprise epoxy resin, a plasticizer, a diluent and an interfacial modifier, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the plasticizer to the diluent to the interfacial modifier is 100:(5-10):(10-15):(0.5-1.0). During crack pouring of asphalt pavements and treatment of cement concrete broken slabs, the aqueous emulsion-based resin modified crack-pouring material can be effectively poured into crack depths, also has the properties of flexibility, shrinkage resistance, high adhesion and the like, and can significantly treat the damage.