The invention discloses an experiment device and method for measuring metal wire Young modulus based on simple harmonic vibration, relates to a Young modulus measuring device and method, and aims to solve the problems that in the conventional university physical experiments, the experiment principle for measuring metal wire Young modulus is single and abstract, and the telescope is hard to adjust. The experiment device comprises a crossbeam, which is arranged on the upper end of a support; a platform is arranged on the middle of the support; an upper clamping head and a force sensitive sensor are arranged on the middle of the crossbeam; two ends of a metal wire are respectively connected to the force sensitive sensor and a lower clamping head, and the lower clamping head is connected to an iron block. A scale is arranged on a scale base, a laser device and a photoelectrical sensor that is connected to an intelligent photoelectrical timer are arranged on the scale. According to the method, the period of simple harmonic vibration of optical spot that is formed on the scale and is generated by reflecting laser beams emitted by the laser device by a plane mirror of an optical lever is measured so as to obtain the period (T) of simple harmonic vibration of a metal wire spring vibrator, and the period (T) is substituted into a formula to calculate the metal wire Young modulus. The provided device and method are suitable for measuring metal wire Young modulus.