Provided is a microseismic pressing crack monitoring observation method, comprising (A) obtaining present earthquake data of a work area, and establishing a geological model; (B) based on the present earthquake data of a work area, and the geological model, determining the immersion position and magnitude of a detector of a deep well microseismicic observation system in a monitoring well; (C) according to the immersion position of the detector of a deep well microseismicic observation system, determining a target well section involved in a target layer observed by a ground microseismicic observation system; and (D) specific to the target well section, determining the position of the detector of the ground microseismicic observation system. The microseismic pressing crack monitoring observation method can improve monitoring result precision, and lay a foundation for describing pressing crack artificial fracture states and evaluating the size of a reservoir stratum in real time.