The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a molybdenum disulfide/polypyrrole supercapacitor electrode material. The preparation method comprises the following preparation steps of: firstly, synthesizing polypyrrole nanotubes by using methyl orange as a soft template and using ammonium persulfate as an initiator; then dissolving thiourea and formaldehyde in 70ml of water, and after regulating pH by hydrochloric acid, adding the synthesized polypyrrole into obtained solution and carrying out ultrasonic homogeneous dispersion; placing the solution added with the polypyrrole in a high-pressure reaction kettle, and performing a reaction for 24h at a temperature of 200 DEG C; and after obtaining black reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration and washing, and after drying, finally obtaining the molybdenum disulfide/polypyrrole supercapacitor electrode material. The preparation method is simple in preparation process and high in yield and has controllability; the prepared molybdenum disulfide/polypyrrole supercapacitor electrode material has the advantages of special morphology, stable structure, excellent electrochemical performance, good cycle performance, high specific capacitance and the like, and is very suitable to apply to the field of a supercapacitor as an electrode material.