The invention discloses a method for enhancing power grid system robustness through link switching state optimization. According to the method, an appropriate network protection strategy is designed for the cascade failure phenomenon from the perspective of a complex network. Firstly a model of combination of electronic properties and network topology information is established; then cascade failure propagation is suppressed by using the protection strategy of cutting off the corresponding link so that damage of cascade failure to a power grid can be reduced, a situation that the number of the cut-off link is enabled not to be high in actual operation is considered and a power grid link state control problem is converted into a multi-target optimization problem; and finally the multi-target optimization problem is solved by using a non-dominated sorting binary differential evolution algorithm, and the switching state of each link of the power grid is controlled according to the optimal link scheme. The electronic properties of the power grid are considered, the network protection strategy of cutting off the appropriate link is used, and robustness of the power grid can be enhanced under the condition of few cut-off links so that damage of cascade failure to the power grid can be effectively reduced.