Provided is a drought-resistant planting method for potatoes. The method comprises the steps that potato seeds are placed in a culture solution with the ph being 5.5 to 6.0 and germinate into seedlings at the temperature of 15 DEG C to 20 DEG C; a plurality of long ditches 10-15cm wide and 10-15cm deep are dug in a vegetable field in the same direction, corresponding breathable and hydrophobic moisture preserving sleeves are made, rice straw and corn straw are placed at the bottoms of the moisture preserving sleeves, soil is placed on the rice straw and the corn straws, and then the potato seedlings are placed in the soil. Water resources and fertilizer can be efficiently utilized by the potatoes so that the potatoes can grow fast.