The invention discloses a driving mechanism of a dry powder inhalation device. The driving mechanism is characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises a sliding bracket mechanism which can drive a quantifying chamber of a quantitative feeding mechanism in a dry powder inhalation administration system to slide forwards and backwards, the sliding bracket mechanism is provided with waist-shaped connecting holes, and a dustproof driving cover capable of driving the sliding bracket mechanism is connected to the sliding bracket mechanism. The invention aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing the driving mechanism of the dry powder inhalation device, and the driving mechanism is simple in structure, convenient to install and capable of effectively driving the quantitative feeding mechanism to work.