The invention discloses a method for acquiring microbes capable of degrading octachlorodipropyl ether from soil or sludge, and a high-efficiency octachlorodipropyl ether-degrading bacterium According to the method, sludge or soil containing octachlorodipropyl ether and acquired from a petrochemical factory, a mosquito-repellent incense factory, farmland or other places is used as a sample, and culture of a microbial strain, separating, purifying, domestication and screening are successively carried out so as to select out the octachlorodipropyl ether-degrading bacterium. The method provided by the invention extracts from soil and sludge an Enterobacter aerogenes strain M2016517 with high octachlorodipropyl ether degradability, and the Enterobacter aerogenes strain M2016517 is preserved in Guangdong Microbiological Culture Collection Center on May 17, 2016, with an accession number of GDMCC No. 60041. The octachlorodipropyl ether degradation rate of the strain is as high as 95%. The method provided by the invention can achieve the purposes of screening and domestication of the strain at the same time, so the domestication period is obviously shortened; moreover, the method is simple, convenient and efficient, and the screened octachlorodipropyl ether-degrading bacterium has high octachlorodipropyl ether degradation rate.