The invention discloses a negative pressure type automatic sampling system for food detection. The negative pressure type automatic sampling system comprises a bracket, a rotation shaft, a cutter blade, a first drive mechanism, a rotation cylinder, a sampling cutter, a second drive mechanism, a connector, a negative pressure generator, a sampling container, a controller, a clamping mechanism, a third drive mechanism and a fourth drive mechanism, wherein the rotation shaft is rotatably arranged on the bracket, the cutter blade is arranged on the first end of the rotation shaft, the rotation shaft and the first drive mechanism form a transmission connection, the rotation cylinder is rotatably arranged on the bracket and is parallel to the rotation shaft, the sampling cutter is arranged on the first end of the rotation cylinder, the connector is detachably arranged on the second end of the rotation cylinder, the second drive mechanism and the rotation cylinder form a transmission connection, the connector is cylindrical and can be arranged on the second end of the rotation cylinder in a sleeve manner, a negative pressure hole is arranged inside the side wall of the connector, the first port of the negative pressure hole is positioned at the outer periphery of the connector, the second port is positioned at the connector end away from the rotation cylinder, and the connector and the third drive mechanism form a transmission connection. With the negative pressure type automatic sampling system of the present invention, the automatic sampling on the subject to be sampled can be performed.