The invention discloses a silk screen electrostatic transducer-based flame monitoring device and method that belong to the technical field of flame monitoring. The flame monitoring device is multilayer silk screen electrode arrays that are arranged in a combustion chamber in a parallel manner so as to detect charged particles and fine particles near a cross section of a flame, and therefore an overall flame can be monitored. The silk screen electrode arrays are formed by a plurality of independent thread-shaped metal electrodes, insulating layers are plated on surfaces of the metal electrodes, and two electrodes on nodes of a silk screen are not mutually or electrically connected. Inductive charge signals output by the silk screen electrodes are conditioned and collected via an embedded signal processing module, and a static chromatography imaging algorithm is used for subjecting space charge distribution in the combustion chamber to three dimensional reconstructing operation; characteristic parameters such as flame speed, scintillation frequency, stability, flame front positions and the like can be measured via statistical analysis, cross correlation operation, parameter estimation and data fusion. The flame monitoring device and method can provide a technical means for flame characteristic research and on-line monitoring of an industrial combustion system.