The invention discloses a device and a method for operating databases on the basis of split databases and split tables. The device comprises a loading module, a processing module and an executing module. The loading module is used for loading configuration files and database scripts; the processing module is used for creating thread pools and database connection pools for the target databases according to the configuration files; the thread pools comprise database-level thread pools, database table-level thread pools and basket-level thread pools; the executing module is used for executing database operation on the target databases by the aid of the thread pools and the database connection pools according to the database scripts corresponding to the target databases. The device and the method have the advantage that efficient and configurable alteration and maintenance on the various split databases can be supported under the background of implementation of split database and split table strategies.