The present invention relates to an ant colony algorithm-based mobile Sink node data collecting method. A wireless sensor network performs clustering operation on sensor nodes by using an LEACH protocol so as to obtain cluster head nodes; the cluster head node collects data of member nodes in a cluster; an important degree of the data is marked by using hormone information through an improved ant colony algorithm; adjacent matrixes are calculated according to a hormone concentration of each member node in the cluster and with an Euclidean distance between cluster head nodes as a visibility factor; all cluster head nodes are traversed; an optimal moving path of Sink nodes is searched; and finally, the Sink nodes are moved according to the optimal path. The present invention provides a method for solving problems of funnel effect and energy hole in data collection of the wireless sensor network. The method can ensure that important information is sent in time in the network, and effectively shortens data time delay.