The invention provides a hybridization breeding and rapid propagation method of anthurium. The hybridization breeding and rapid propagation method sequentially comprises the following six steps: material selection, manual pollination, sterile seed sowing and culture, propagation culture, seedling strengthening and rooting culture and test-tube plantlet transplanting. With the adoption of the method provided by the invention, the hybridization breeding success rate of the anthurium can be improved, certain asynchronous flowering period problems of hybridized combination are solved and high-quality germchits are rapidly cultured; and the hybridization breeding and rapid propagation method has the advantages of less investment, high yield and like, and is applied to large-scale production and protection of germplasm resources of the anthurium.