The invention provides an aerostat capsule and an aerostat. The aerostat capsule comprises an inner capsule skin and an outer capsule skin, wherein a main capsule cavity is formed in the inner capsule skin; the outer capsule skin is arranged on the outer side of the inner capsule skin; and a heat insulating capsule cavity is formed between the outer capsule skin and the inner capsule skin. The aerostat capsule comprises the main capsule cavity and the heat insulating capsule cavity; the interior of the main capsule cavity is mainly filled with gas used for providing buoyancy; the heat insulating capsule cavity is arranged on the outer side of the main capsule cavity and used for insulating heat between the main capsule cavity and the outside environment and avoiding that the outside heat is directly transferred to the interior of the main capsule cavity and the gas is heated; the temperature rise speed of the gas in the aerostat capsule is smaller than the temperature rise speed of gas in an existing aerostat capsule, that is to say, the gas expanding speed is small, the gas pressure in the aerostat capsule is low, and therefore the aerostat capsule can be kept free of deflating under a harsher condition, it is avoided that because the gas loss of the aerostat capsule is too large, the buoyancy is not sufficient, running of the aerostat capsule is safer and more stable, and the running period of the aerostat capsule is prolonged.