The invention discloses a method for monitoring the accumulation situation of fuel in an industrial furnace. Firstly, a simulation model is established according to the specific configuration and material stream conditions of the industrial furnace, and the flowing condition of each material stream at the cold flowing state under normal working condition and the flow field distribution condition are calculated by a component transport equation and used as the flow field basic data; a fuel concentration monitor is arranged in the industrial furnace hearth and around a critical control point that may be used as a flash-explosion initiation source or around a dead volume in which the fuel is easily accumulated; and finally monitoring data is obtained through the fuel concentration monitor, an ignition or purge operation is selected by combining the flow field basic data and the monitoring data. According to the method, the corresponding method is adopted in combination with the fuel explosion limit range, and thus the problems that the industrial furnace carries out blind forced ignition operation in the dangerous condition and carries out shutdown sweeping in a blind way under the condition of safety are avoided.