The invention relates to a puncturing rod and a puncture device. A switch pressing plate of the puncturing rod is arranged on the side face of a handle base. When puncturing is conducted, the switch pressing plate is pressed, a knife bit, a sheath and a slide rod slide to the handle base end under the resistance of abdominal wall muscles, a slide rod spring is compressed, and a knife blade extends from grooves in the two sides of the knife bit. After the puncturing rod penetrates through peritoneum, due to the fact that resistance on the knife bit disappears suddenly, the slide rod, the sheath and the knife bit rapidly extend forwards under the thrust of the slide rod spring, the knife blade is retracted into the grooves in the two sides of the knife bit, and damage of the knife blade to abdominal organs is prevented. The switch pressing plate bounces; meanwhile, under the elasticity of a switch push spring, a slide rod locking block and a locking convex step of the slide rod make an impact sound to prompt that the puncturing rod penetrates through the peritoneum, puncturing cannot be conducted, and the safety of the puncture device is improved. In addition, due to the fact that the joint of the anastomotic part of the knife bit and the sheath is in non-vertical relationship with the axis of a slide rod sleeve, an end seal ring of the puncture device cannot be clamped in the joint, and the motion resistance of the puncturing rod is reduced.