The invention provides a fiber clamping and conveying device for a linen fiber extracting machine. The fiber clamping and conveying device comprises a fiber driven wheel, a fiber clamping and conveying belt, a fiber output wheel belt, a fiber output wheel belt driving belt, a fiber pressing wheel and a fiber clamping drive wheel. The fiber clamping drive wheel and the fiber driven wheel are installed on the same shaft in parallel in a one big and one small manner and achieve coaxial driving, and are arranged above the part between two linen removing rollers of a second linen removing device. Two conveying belt bodies of the fiber output wheel belt are installed reversely in parallel, the clamping conveying belt is pressed on the fracture surface of the fiber output wheel belt to form a T shape, and fiber is clamped in the middle. Driving belt grooves smaller than clamping belt grooves are formed in the two sides of the fiber clamping drive wheel. The fiber clamping and conveying device has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, reliable in work and good in universality.