The invention discloses a self-balance hydraulic ladder and aims to overcome the defect that certain potential safety hazards are caused by the fact that bricks or boards need to be paved below existing climbing ladders manually for aloft working. A hydraulic oil cylinder (5) is mounted at the lower end of each of two vertical rods (2), and the upper end of one of the hydraulic oil cylinder (5) is hermetically connected with the upper end of the other hydraulic oil cylinder (5) through an oil pipe (3). Therefore the self-balance hydraulic ladder has the advantages that length of the vertical rods of the ladder can be autonomously adjusted by utilizing own weight, and the ladder can adapt to uneven grounds.