The invention discloses an electric parameter feature based operation condition checking method and device for a water pump energy storage unit. The method includes steps of (1), creating an operation condition electric parameter feature table; (2) judging current operation condition of the unit according to monitoring system signals and switch position contacts; (3) checking whether the current electric parameter features of the unit are matched with the features corresponding to the operation condition in the operation condition electric parameter feature table and determining current operation condition judgment to be wrong if two or more electric parameter features are inconsistent and the lasting time is comparatively long. By adopting the method and device provided by the invention, a problem of error working condition judgment due to single-contact loop abnormity can be solved.