The invention discloses a channel quality indicator (CQI) enhancement method and a CQI enhancement device applied to multi-user superposition transmission. The method comprises the steps of implementing superposition transmission pre-pairing according to first CQI information from near-end user equipment and second CQI information from remote user equipment; sending reference signals to user equipment in an administered cell, inserting interference eliminating reference signals into the reference signals in a time division or frequency division manner, wherein the interference eliminating reference signals are applied to the near-end user equipment to estimate indication information of capacity of eliminating interference generated by the remote user equipment; receiving interference CQI information from the near-end user equipment; and determining decisions on pairing and scheduling of the near-end user equipment and the remote user equipment according to the interference CQI information of the near-end user equipment and the second CQI information of the remote user equipment. Based on an additional CQI report, the base station can make the correct user equipment pairing and scheduling decisions, and can also acquire gains from frequency selectivity brought by dynamic pairing and scheduling.