The present invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel (1) comprising: a hermetically sealed envelope (3), in which the pressure is below atmospheric pressure, a core material (5) made of organic aerogel placed inside said envelope (3), said organic aerogel being based on a resin derived at least in part from polyhydroxybenzene(s) R and formaldehyde(s) F, said organic aerogel being an organic polymeric monolithic gel comprising at least one water-soluble cationic polyelectrolyte, or said organic aerogel being a pyrolysate of said gel in the form of a porous carbon monolith comprising the product of the pyrolysis of said at least one water-soluble cationic polyelectrolyte P, said organic aerogel having a specific thermal conductivity of between 10 and 40 m W.m-1.K-1 at atmospheric pressure.