The invention discloses an aerial operation parallel movement anti-falling self-locking device. The device comprises an elastic clamp, pulleys and a sleeve; the elastic clamp includes a fixed part and rotating parts; the fixed part is a symmetric structure; the upper end of the fixed part is mounted on a cross bar; the lower end of the fixed part horizontally moves on a portal frame through the pulleys mounted on two sides; two ends of the fixed part are connected with the rotating parts; one rotating part is provided with a sleeve through a spring; mounting grooves are respectively formed in the rotating parts; springs are mounted in the mounting grooves; the end diameters of the mounting grooves are larger than the diameters of the rotating parts; a buckle is mounted in the sleeve, and is a ring; and the inner diameter of the ring is smaller than the diameters of the end parts of the mounting grooves. The device is skillful in structure, small in size, light in weight and convenient for operation, effectively protects aerial operation staff, and guarantees safety of the aerial operation.