The invention discloses a simulation test method for landslide hazard of a soft soil layer under a confining pressure condition. The simulation test method comprises the following steps: firstly, sampling; secondly, carrying out a landslide hazard simulation test, comprising the following steps: 201, clamping a soil sample and a pressure device and adding water into the soil sample; 202, carrying out shear test; 203, dropping solidifying liquid; 204, slicing the bottom of the soil sample; 205, propping roof of the soil sample; 206, slicing the bottom of the soil sample; 207, taking out a soil body test sample in a shearing crack; 208, carrying out subsequent processing on the soil body test sample in the shearing crack; 209, carrying out electron microscope scanning; 210, carrying out the simulation test by utilizing the next to-be-tested surface; and 211, repeating the step 210 for N-2 times, so that a simulation test process is completed; and thirdly, sorting results of a shear simulation test. The simulation test method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that design is reasonable, operation is simple, using effect is good, shear strengths at different depths on a tested landslide and a microstructure at a shearing position can be simply and rapidly acquired, and an expansion process of a shear zone on the landslide under the confining pressure state can be really simulated.