The invention provides an optical fiber system used for monitoring highway and belongs to the field of optical fiber communication. The optical fiber system used for monitoring the highway comprises a plurality of highway data acquisition terminals and remote data receiving equipment, wherein each highway data acquisition terminal is respectively wirelessly connected with the remote data receiving equipment. Each highway data acquisition terminal comprises a highway service data input terminal, a light splitting coupler, a light splitter, a light amplifier, a light amplification controller, a data processor and a wireless communication circuit. The output terminal of the highway service data input terminal is connected with the input terminal of the light splitter by virtue of the light splitting coupler; all the output terminals of the light splitter are respectively connected with the light amplifier; the light amplification controller is connected with the light amplifier; the output terminal of the light amplifier is connected with the data processor; the output terminal of the data processor is connected with the wireless communication circuit; and the other end of the wireless communication circuit is wirelessly connected with the remote data receiving equipment.