The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical waste treatment, and particularly relates to a chemical waste treatment device and treatment process. The chemical waste treatment device comprises a reactor, wherein a first material gun, a second material gun and a solid material conveyor are arranged at the side part of the reactor; the reactor, a cyclone separator, a front heat exchanger, a rear heat exchanger, an energy-saving heat exchanger, an air preheater, a dust collector, an exhaust fan and a chimney are connected in sequence; a high-temperature fan is connected with the front heat exchanger and the rear heat exchanger; the high-temperature fan, a flue gas mixer and the reactor are connected in sequence; the flue gas mixer is connected with the air preheater; the energy-saving heat exchanger is connected with the reactor; a secondary fan is connected with the air preheater; and a primary fan is connected with the reactor. According to the chemical waste treatment device and treatment process, waste oil, waste gas and solid chemical waste enter into the reactor at the same time for treatment. The waste gas can serve as a preheating energy source, but heavy oil and natural gas do not need to serve as preheating energy sources, so that the cost is relatively low.