The invention discloses an automatic vernier caliper heat treatment device and belongs to the field of heat treatment devices. The automatic vernier caliper heat treatment device comprises a feed device, a conveying device, a heat treatment unit and a discharge device. The feed device is arranged at the starting end of the conveying device in the conveying direction correspondingly and used for grabbing a workpiece placed on the feed device to the conveying device. The discharge device is arranged at the termination end of the conveying device in the conveying direction correspondingly and used for grabbing the workpiece on the conveying device to the discharge device. The conveying device is provided with a conveying belt used for conveying the workpiece. The conveying belt is provided with a groove used for perpendicularly holding a main workpiece vernier caliper body. The heat treatment unit is arranged in the middle of the conveying device and provided with an optoelectronic switch corresponding to the workpiece. The optoelectronic switch is connected with a driving motor controlling the conveying belt. The heat treatment unit comprises electromagnetic heating coils symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the conveying belt and corresponding to workpiece moving measuring jaws. The electromagnetic heating coils can move oppositely. The automatic vernier caliper heat treatment device is simple in structure, small in occupied space, convenient to operate and high in production efficiency.