The invention discloses a dowel bar positioning structure which comprises a first steel shaping mold and a second steel shaping mold. The first steel shaping mold and the second steel shaping mold are symmetrically arranged. A main body of the first steel shaping mold and a main body of the second steel shaping mold are each provided with a plurality of symmetrical through holes, and steel pipes are connected to the sides, away from the corresponding sides of the first steel shaping mold and the second steel shaping mold, of the through holes. The inner diameter of each steel pipe is larger than the outer diameter of a dowel bar. The through holes and the steel pipes are used for holding the dowel bars and limiting the positions of the dowel bars. The dowel bar positioning structure is simple and reasonable, and the manufacturing cost is low; through the through holes and the steel pipes on positioning formworks, the precision of the parallel space between the dowel bars can be ensured; and meanwhile, the structure cannot affect normal pouring construction, and demolding is convenient and fast. The dowel bar positioning structure is worthy of wide-range application and popularization.