The invention provides a train wind power generation device and a train wind power generation system. The device comprises a piezoelectric membrane, a fixedly connecting part, a flow guide protection cover and a support circuit system, wherein the piezoelectric membrane is fixedly arranged on the fixedly connecting part, is arranged between two steel rails of a train track through the fixedly connecting part and is used for vibrating and generating electric power under the driving of train wind; the support circuit system is electrically connected with positive and negative electrodes of the piezoelectric membrane and is used for collecting the electric power generated by the piezoelectric membrane and storing and outputting the electric power; the two ends of the flow guide protection cover are fixedly arranged on the fixedly connecting part and are used for protecting the piezoelectric membrane. The piezoelectric membrane can be used for converting the wind energy of the train wind into electric power, so that the height of the generation device is obviously reduced, can be mounted between two steel rails of train track and is not limited by the building; the running safety of the train can be ensured; the assembling structure is adopted, so that the future mounting, maintenance, repairing and replacement are more convenient; no pollution emission exists in the power generation process; the power generation is clean and sustainable.