The invention discloses a method and a system for transmitting non-voice information in a voice channel, and the method comprises: filling the non-voice information as a specified data field structure, wherein the data length of the specified data field structure is equal to the data length of an embedded signaling field; embedding the non-voice information into the embedded signaling field with a null value in a voice super-frame; and sending the voice super-frame. The invention also discloses a method and a system for receiving the non-voice information in the voice channel, and the method comprises: receiving the voice super-frame; extracting the specified data field structure according to the voice super-frame when the embedded signaling field has a null value, wherein the data length of the specified data field structure is equal to the data length of the embedded signaling field; and analyzing the specified data field structure to acquire the non-voice information. The non-voice information is transmitted and received through the embedded signaling field, so that the accuracy of transmitting and receiving the information is improved; and the non-voice information may be vocoder type information, vocoder parameter information, position information and the like, thereby having diversity.