The invention provides a router identity identification method based on a wireless context, and a terminal device. The method comprises the following steps: collecting wireless network information of a router in a surrounding wireless context; setting a security strategy, according to the security strategy and wireless network information, determining security dimension parameters, based on the security dimension parameters, detecting the network information through different detection models, and outputting a detection result; and according to the security strategy, analyzing the detection result so as to evaluate security of the router. According to the invention, through deep identification of the identity of the router, fishing traps of attackers are avoided, the security level of a user in the wireless network environment is improved, information leakage is prevented, economic loss is prevented, and the security performance is improved.