The invention discloses a milltailing collecting and transportation device and a core shooter milltailing recovery method, and aims at solving the problem that milltailings transported by a trolley cannot be directly used for sand regeneration treatment in a used sand regeneration system after the curing. The milltailing collecting and transportation device comprises a milltailing collecting box, wherein each of the top and the bottom of the milltailing collecting box is provided with an opening; at least one separation plate with the V-shaped cross section is arranged in the milltailing collecting box; the inner cavity of the milltailing collecting box is separated into at least two sand storage spaces by the separation plate. According to the core shooter milltailing recovery method, a forklift, a travelling crane, the milltailing collecting and transportation device, a sand falling shaking belt and the sand regeneration system are used for recovering core shooter milltailings. The sand storage space is formed through the separation of the separation plate; the milltailings are enabled to be in a certain size range after the curing; the milltailings can be directly conveyed to a roasting furnace to complete the sand regeneration process; the link of sand breaking through manual knocking is avoided; the work intensity of workers is greatly reduced; the milltailing recovery and treatment efficiency is high.