The invention discloses a feeding system of a railway grouting machine. The feeding system comprises a machine body, wheels fixed below the machine body, a hopper fixed on the machine body, a feeding channel with an inlet communicated with the hopper, a feeding inlet communicated with the feeding channel, and a stirrer arranged below the feeding inlet. A traditional railway grouting machine often adopts a belt or spiral auger feeding manner which has the defects of low speed, high possibility of material stock, inaccurate metering and the like. According to the invention, two driving wheels are arranged in the feeding channel and can work at the same time to improve the feeding speed; a conveyor belt is arranged on the driving wheels, scrapers are mounted on the conveyor belt, a raw material is conveyed to the feeding inlet from the hopper in a manner of back-scraping, the material stocked in the hopper can be effectively reduced, and more accurate metering can be ensured.