The invention provides a management method and a system of workshop workpiece stock and belongs to the application of radio frequency technology in workshop management. The management method comprises steps of: acquiring label information of offline workpiece on a shelf; acquiring parts of or all of processing information of the offline workpiece and taking the processing information as encasement information of the offline workpiece and associating and storing the encasement information and the label information; and when detecting that the offline workpiece is stored in/delivered form the workshop, acquiring the label information of the offline workpiece on the shelf and at least taking parts of or all of the encasement information associated with the label information and the time for storing/delivering the offline workpiece in/from the workshop as records for storing/delivering the offline workpiece in/from the workshop and storing the records. According to the invention, delicacy management of stock is achieved; working efficiency of an enterprise is improved; and production cost of the enterprise is reduced.