The invention relates to a routing establishing method for low-voltage-electric-power-user centralized meter reading and a meter reading method. Routing information and routing change information are both locally recorded in a node. The routing establishing method includes the steps that a primary node records routing-transferring failure causes and judges whether the routing link quality of a secondary node reaches an issue threshold value or not after updating the routing link quality information of the secondary node, and if the routing link quality of the secondary node reaches the issue threshold value, the secondary node is set as an abnormal node; the secondary node updates the link quality value of an outlet node during routing transferring failure, and an alternative node serves as a novel outlet node for replacing when the link quality value of the outlet node is lower than the communication quality value of the alternative node; the primary node and the secondary node also monitor network communication frames of surrounding nodes, and update the link signal indicating values of the surrounding nodes monitoring the network communication frames and reachable node information sheets. By means of the routing establishing method and the meter reading method in the technical scheme, the routing reliability can be improved, the routing overhead can be reduced, and the load balance generated during information transmission is supported; the adaptability to accidental network topology changes is better.