The invention provides an adaptive automobile front-lighting system and a multi-purpose vehicle. Mechanical follow-up steering is realized. The system comprises a guide rope drawing mechanism and automobile headlight rotation mechanisms, wherein the guide rope drawing mechanism and each automobile headlight rotation mechanism are connected via a guide rope to form a closed loop; each of a left headlight and a right headlight is provided with a closed loop, and the two closed loops do not interfere with each other; the guide rope drawing mechanism comprises a rocker arm slide bar, a drawing slider, a moving slider, a drawing slide bar and a drawing support. Each automobile headlight rotation mechanism comprises a light body, a light rod, a driving slider, a driven slider, a guide slide bar, a guide support and an inertia device, wherein the inertia device comprises a spiral spring and a mass block. The drawing slider is in slide connection with the rocker arm slide bar and is in rotatable hinge joint with the moving slider, and the moving slider slides on the slide bar; the light rods are in slide connection with the driven sliders; the two ends of each guide rope are connected with the corresponding driving slider and the moving slider; each guide rope penetrates the corresponding guide support and the drawing support and slides. The rotation angle is adjustable, and the rotation angle of an inner side headlight can be greater than that of an outer side headlight during steering.