The invention discloses a quantitative interpretation method for the production profile of a horizontal gas well. The method comprises the steps of in the position of the first perforation cluster which is close to a pithead, establishing the energy conservation model for the mixing process of the fluid (1) which flows into a wellbore from the position of the first perforation cluster and the fluid (2) which is located in the upstream of the first perforation cluster before mixing; establishing the energy conservation model of the fluid (1) during the gas-liquid mixing process in the position of the first perforation cluster; establishing the energy conservation model of the formation of the well section between two perforation clusters and the fluid in the wellbore, by applying the measured data of temperature, pressure and liquid holdup, calculating the mass flow rate of the natural gas in the fluid (2) and the mass flow rate of the liquid in the fluid (2), calculating the gas production rate and liquid production rate of the perforation cluster of the fluid (1) and the like. According to the quantitative interpretation method for the production profile of the horizontal gas well, the output situation of each perforation cluster of the horizontal gas well is calculated quantitatively by applying the data of temperature, pressure and liquid holdup, and the quantitative interpretation for the production profile of the horizontal gas well is completed by applying the fewest measuring parameters.