The invention provides a groundwater pollution detecting and evaluating system. The groundwater pollution detecting and evaluating system comprises a sensor group, a positioning module, a camera module, a monitoring and evaluating center, a node transfer module, a physical model construction module, a virtual actuator, a virtual sensor, a simulated analysis module, a water quality state evaluating module, an expert evaluating module, a display screen, a man-machine operating module, a data sharing module, a Beidou module, an analysis algorithm and a method database. According to the system, data transmission is conducted through a Beidou short message communication technique, a communication line does not need to be erected, use is convenient, groundwater can be all-directionally detected in real time, therefore, multiple evaluating results are obtained, and the detection result precision is high; in addition, the follow-up condition of the water quality can be predicted and analyzed in a simulation mode by constructing a physical model, various water quality control schemes are converted into parameters and then act on the physical model, and therefore reasonable selection of the water quality control schemes is achieved.