The invention provides a typical scene recognition based dynamic reconstruction method of a power distribution network. The dynamic reconstruction method comprises the steps of determining a weight of an optimal target under each typical scene; performing time division on a daily load curve of the power distribution network to obtain a reconstruction daily load forecast curve; identifying a type of the typical scene to which each time belongs on the reconstruction daily load forecast curve; building a multi-target reconstruction model of each time on the reconstruction daily load forecast curve to obtain an optical switch state of each time on the reconstruction daily load forecast curve; and adjusting the optimal switch state to obtain an optimal dynamic reconstruction scheme of the power distribution network. The reconstruction method proposed by the invention is high in reliability and fast in solution speed, and load change can be dealt with to acquire a targeted reconstruction scheme according to different typical scenes; the reconstruction scheme is optimal and is more reasonable; and the reconstruction stability and reliability of the power distribution network is ensured, the power distribution network after dynamic adjustment conforms more to the demand of actual running of the power distribution network, and the running stability of the power distribution network is improved.